TY - GEN T1 - Handcuffs and chain link : criminalizing the undocumented in America T2 - Race, ethnicity, and politics. A1 - Gonzalez O'Brien, Benjamin LA - English PP - Charlottesville PB - University of Virginia Press YR - 2018 UL - https://ebooks.jgu.edu.in/Record/jstor_eba_on1076543605 AB - "Handcuffs and Chain Link enters the immigration debate by addressing one of its most controversial aspects: the criminalization both of extralegal immigration to the United States and of immigrants themselves in popular and political discourse. Looking at the factors that led up to criminalization, Benjamin Gonzalez O'Brien points to the alternative approach of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 and how its ultimate demise served to negatively reinforce the fictitious association of extralegal immigrants with criminality. Crucial to Gonzalez O'Brien's account thus is the concept of the critical policy failure--a piece of legislation that attempts a radically different approach to a major issue but has shortcomings that ultimately further entrench the approach it was designed to supplant. The IRCA was just such a piece of legislation. It highlighted the contributions of the undocumented and offered amnesty to some while attempting to stem the flow of extralegal immigration by holding employers accountable for hiring the undocumented. The failure of this effort at decriminalization prompted a return to criminalization with a vengeance, leading to the stalemate on immigration policy that persists to this day"--Publisher's description OP - 178 CN - JV6483 SN - 9780813941332 SN - 0813941334 SN - 9780813941325 SN - 0813941326 KW - United States : Emigration and immigration : Government policy. KW - United States : Emigration and immigration : Political aspects. KW - Crime and race : United States. KW - Immigration enforcement : United States. KW - Noncitizens : United States. KW - Illegal immigration : United States. KW - Criminalité et race : États-Unis. KW - Émigration et immigration : Lois : Application : États-Unis. KW - Immigrants clandestins : États-Unis. KW - Immigration clandestine : États-Unis. KW - États-Unis : Émigration et immigration : Politique gouvernementale. KW - États-Unis : Émigration et immigration : Aspect politique. KW - SOCIAL SCIENCE : Emigration & Immigration. KW - Noncitizens KW - Illegal immigration KW - Crime and race KW - Emigration and immigration : Government policy KW - Emigration and immigration : Political aspects KW - Immigration enforcement KW - United States KW - Electronic book. ER -